Innovating Rail Visibility: Real-Time Tracking Without Infrastructure Overhaul

Modern transit systems demand precise, real-time train tracking to boost efficiency, safety, and passenger satisfaction. For rail networks with underground tunnels, where GPS signals falter, innovative solutions are essential.

Our latest report outlines a cutting-edge approach to implement real-time train location tracking without modifying existing train systems, leveraging industry-leading technologies like Ultra-Wideband (UWB), GPS-RTK, LoRaWAN, TunnelSat, and sensor fusion.

The Challenge

Transit agencies need accurate train positioning, even in GPS-denied tunnel environments, to optimize scheduling and enhance passenger information systems. The key is to integrate complementary hardware and software that work seamlessly with legacy systems, ensuring no modifications to existing train infrastructure.

The Solution

The proposed system combines multiple technologies for continuous tracking:

Above-Ground Tracking

GPS-RTK delivers centimeter-level accuracy for open-sky environments, feeding real-time data to a dedicated server.

A technical diagram illustrating Above-Ground Tracking (GPS-RTK). The scene features a train moving on open, clear tracks. Prominently displayed on the roof of the train are multiple GPS-RTK receivers. Along the sides of the rail, several base stations are positioned. Thin, clear arrows originate from the receivers and base stations, indicating a precise data flow towards a central server. This visual representation effectively highlights the centimeter-level accuracy achievable in open-sky environments for train tracking.

Underground Tracking

UWB and TunnelSat provide precise positioning in tunnels, with Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) and computer vision as reliable backups.

A schematic illustrating the concept of Underground Tracking using UWB and TunnelSat. The cross-section of a tunnel features clearly defined UWB anchors mounted on the walls, a light rail transit train depicted with an attached tag, and simulated GPS signals emanating from TunnelSat units. Inclusion of subtle icons signifying seamless signal transition will visualize the continuity of tracking within the tunnel environment.

LoRaWAN Integration for Robust Tunnel Tracking

Enhancing underground connectivity with low-power, robust tracking using LoRaWAN technology, supported by platforms like Actilitys ThingPark, ensures reliable data transmission in challenging tunnel conditions.

A technical diagram illustrating LoRaWAN technology within an underground tunnel environment. The diagram features schematic representations of LoRaWAN gateways and sensors integrated onto light rail transit (LRT) trains and strategically placed on tunnel walls. Visual cues indicate low-power signal propagation, depicted as radio waves, navigating through areas characterized by humidity and dust, highlighting robust tracking capabilities in challenging subterranean conditions.

Centralized Data Management Server

A centralized platform processes data from all sources, using interpolation algorithms to predict arrival times without touching existing train control systems.
The data collected such as precise positional coordinates from UWB, centimeter-level accuracy from GPS-RTK, robust tunnel signals from LoRaWAN, simulated GPS continuity from TunnelSat, and trajectory estimates from sensor fusion can be aggregated and analyzed to enhance location accuracy and reliability.
This enriched dataset allows for real-time error correction, cross-validation across multiple technologies, and the creation of a comprehensive digital twin of the rail network, refining location estimates, detecting anomalies, and improving long-term predictive models.
A centralized platform processes data from all sources, using interpolation algorithms to predict arrival times without touching existing train control systems.

Visual for Sensor Fusion (INS and Computer Vision)

This diagram illustrates the integration of Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) and computer vision technology, featuring gyroscopes, accelerometers, and cameras mounted on trains to estimate trajectories and identify track features like ballast or bolts. It highlights how this fusion provides accurate positioning in GPS-denied tunnel environments, serving as a reliable backup without requiring external infrastructure, and seamlessly supports the overall tracking solution.

Key Technologies

1. UWB: Offers <5 cm accuracy in tunnels, with Piper Networks’ SIL-4 certified systems ensuring safety and minimal infrastructure.
2. GPS-RTK: Provides high-precision tracking above ground, used by companies like Geoforce.
3. LoRaWAN: Enables robust, low-power tracking in tunnels, supported by Actility’s ThingPark platform.
4. TunnelSat: Simulates GPS signals in tunnels for seamless transitions, developed by RACELOGIC.
5. Sensor Fusion: Combines INS and computer vision (e.g., RailLoc) for accurate positioning without external infrastructure.

Implementation

The roll-out involves:

• Site Survey: Map infrastructure to place UWB anchors, LoRaWAN gateways, and GPS-RTK base stations.
• Hardware Installation: Equip trains with UWB tags, GPS-RTK receivers, INS units, and cameras; install tunnel infrastructure.
• Software Setup: Deploy a dedicated server for data processing and integration with passenger information systems.
• Testing & Training: Validate accuracy and train staff for maintenance.

Benefits

• Safety: Precise tracking reduces collision risks (SIL-4 compliance).
• Efficiency: Real-time data optimizes schedules.
• Passenger Experience: Accurate arrival predictions enhance trust.
• Cost-Effective: Minimal infrastructure and maintenance costs.
• Scalable: Modular design suits expanding networks.

How can strada360 help?

strada360 is your expert partner in transforming rail tracking with our specialized support for implementing the Centralized Data Management System. We offer comprehensive site assessments to optimize system placement, seamless software integration to maximize real-time data potential, and professional services including custom software development, system optimization, and ongoing technical support. With strada360, transit agencies can achieve enhanced location accuracy, streamlined operations, and an elevated passenger experience all without altering existing infrastructure.
Partner with us to unlock the full potential of your rail network.

Partner with us to unlock the full potential of your rail network.